Hay Fever

Hay Fever

Hay fever or allergic rhinitis is a hypersensitivity disease involving the nose and sinuses, The mucous membrane becomes inflamed in response to an allergic substance and produces a watery, profuse discharge associated with increased tearing, itching of the eyes, and sneezing. This condition is usually seasonal, with the peak incidence corresponding to the presence of the offending allergenic inhalants. Pollens of trees, grasses, wildflowers, and other weeds are the most common culprits in producing this allergy. Some people are affected by danders, the particles produced from the skin of animals or hair from cats, dogs, horses, etc. House dust, molds, feathers, and even certain foods can produce hay fever. The appearance of the inner mucous lining of the nose is usually pale and thin, as opposed to upper respiratory infections where the mucus becomes thick, and the mucous membrane reddened and swollen.

Usually it is quite helpful for the allergy sufferer to know and identify the offenders. Scratch tests are usually helpful in evaluating the type of sensitivity. Intradermal injections are more commonly done by ear, nose, and throat specialists or allergists. However, the simpler and less expensive scratch tests are usually sufficient to establish the cause and initiate desensitization therapy.

Recent advances in the use of allergy shots have allowed a more rapid desensitization procedure that is replacing the traditional year-round technique. The hay fever sufferer will find relief from the plentiful use of tissues, by placing cool compresses over the nose and sinus areas. Frequent nasal irrigation with cool saline (sniffing or spraying the salty solution) will help remove entrapped pollens and other particles, and clear the nasal passages of the allergy producing substances.

When the allergy is due to Bermuda grass or ragweed, activities outdoors such as yard work and lawn mowing may require the use of a mask. An appropriate respiratory filter can trap these pollens and minimize the symptoms, while still allowing work outside. Botanical identification of certain plants, such as ragweed, goldenrod, and various trees, grasses, and wildflowers will interest the pursuit of further nature study, while cautiously avoiding fields and forests where the prime offenders abound.

The chronic use of antihistamines and nasal sprays is to be discouraged, as side effects are frequent and troublesome. Excessive drowsiness, disturbance of digestive secretions, and the “rebound phenomenon” associated with nasal reaction to decongestants are all avoidable with this emphasis on naturalremedies. Further attention to the diet, or in unusual cases, the relocation to a different climate may be necessary to bring hay fever and its troublesome symptoms under control.